Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine

At present time the number of works devoted to the decellularization of various organs has significantly increased. There are many techniques and methods for the preparation of acellular extracellular matrix (ECM), whether based on the physical, chemical and enzymatic effects on the interest. The resulting structure does not contain the saved cells and their decay products, and the complex geometry of the organ, including a relatively intact vasculature, is largely preserved.

 

Methodology: The work was performed on 10 male Wistar rats weighing 210 ± 40 g. Decellularization of the lung and rat heart was performed by modified protocols. The samples were implanted subcutaneously in the interscapular region. Rats were derived from experiment on days 7 and 14. We made a qualitative assessment of the composition of the cellular infiltrate around the implant using immunohistochemistry.

 

Results: Based on the morphological analysis, a histological evaluation of rat tissue response to subcutaneous implantation of the decellularized heart matrices was performed. The qualitative cellular composition of the inflammatory infiltrate was studied with an assessment of the dynamic changes in the macrophages, T- and B-lymphocytes amount on days 7 and 14 after the beginning of the experiment. The results obtained revealed a different tissue response of the recipient organism to ECM implantation. The least expressed was the response to the lung ECM, which successfully integrated into the tissues and did not undergo significant changes. It is shown that he tissue response to implantation depends not only on the quality of decellularization and the efficiency of antigen molecules removal, but also on the initial histological architectonics and quality of preimplantation preparation of the sample.